diff --git a/src/1_complex_numbers.md b/src/1_complex_numbers.md index 5edd3554bc73e51ce60e32ad69aa9a944b1800a3..6af7cfe1f2368867e2d0243c08d8bc4e19a1f2cd 100644 --- a/src/1_complex_numbers.md +++ b/src/1_complex_numbers.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ title: Complex Numbers The lecture on complex numbers consists of three parts, each with their own video: -- [1.1. Definition and basic operations](#definition-and-basic-operations) -- [1.2. Complex functions](#complex-functions) -- [1.3. Differentiation and integration](#differentiation-and-integration) +- [1.1. Definition and basic operations](#1.1.-definition-and-basic-operations) +- [1.2. Complex functions](#1.2.-complex-functions) +- [1.3. Differentiation and integration](#1.3.-differentiation-and-integration) **Total video length: 38 minutes and 53 seconds** diff --git a/src/2_coordinates.md b/src/2_coordinates.md index 83249d47e65d8f86df1410629be2791772bfa784..d955febe18fc91d2821b68f2689ac2386a28382e 100644 --- a/src/2_coordinates.md +++ b/src/2_coordinates.md @@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ title: Coordinates The lecture on coordinate systems consists of 3 parts, each with their own video: -- [Introduction to coordinate systems: Cartesian and polar](#introduction-to-coordinate-systems-cartesian-and-polar) -- [Converting derivatives between coordinate systems](#converting-derivatives-between-coordinate-systems) -- [Coordinate systems in 3D](#coordinate-systems-in-3d) +- [2.1. Introduction to coordinate systems: Cartesian and polar](#2.1.-introduction-to-coordinate-systems-cartesian-and-polar) +- [2.2. Converting derivatives between coordinate systems](#2.2.-converting-derivatives-between-coordinate-systems) +- [2.3. Coordinate systems in 3D](#2.3.-coordinate-systems-in-3d) **Total video length: 35 minutes and 13 seconds** -## Introduction to coordinate systems: Cartesian and polar +## 2.1. Introduction to coordinate systems: Cartesian and polar <iframe width="100%" height=315 src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/CPMrsQlNxS8?rel=0" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe> @@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ The most common coordinates are *Cartesian coordinates*, where we use a number $n$ of perpendicular axes. The coordinates corresponding to these axes are $x_j$ where $j=1, \ldots, n$. -Cartesian coordinates are simple, as the coordinate axis are simply -straight lines and perpendicular to each other. Due to this, it is +Cartesian coordinates are simple to describe and operate in. The coordinate axes are +straight lines perpendicular to each other. It is therefore very easy to do calculations in Cartesian coordinates. For example, the distance $\Delta s$ between two points $(x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_n)$ -and $(x'_1, x'_2, \ldots, x'_n)$ is easily computed as +and $(x'_1, x'_2, \ldots, x'_n)$ can be quickly computed using a general formula for n-dimensions: $$\Delta s^2 = (x'_1 - x_1)^2 + (x'_2 - x_2)^2 + \ldots + (x'_n - x_n)^2.$$ @@ -34,14 +34,12 @@ space*.) In mathematics, we are often dealing with so-called *infinitesimally* small distances, for example in the definition of derivatives and integrals. -In Cartesion coordinates the expressions for infinitesimal distances $ds$ and +In Cartesian coordinates, the expressions for infinitesimal distances $ds$ and infinitesimal volumes $dV$ are given as -$$ds = \sqrt{dx_1^2 + dx_2^2 + \ldots + dx_n^2}$$ - -and - -$$dV = dx_1 dx_2 \ldots dx_N.$$ +!!! info "Segment and volume element in n-dimensional Cartesian coordinates" + $$ds = \sqrt{dx_1^2 + dx_2^2 + \ldots + dx_n^2}$$ + $$dV = dx_1 dx_2 \ldots dx_N.$$ The formula for $dV$ also indicates that in Cartesian coordinates, the integral over a volume can be expressed as individual integrals over all coordinate directions: