@@ -223,12 +223,12 @@ Consider a single orbital per atom and only nearest-neighbour interactions.
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@@ -223,12 +223,12 @@ Consider a single orbital per atom and only nearest-neighbour interactions.
### Exercise 3: Nearly-free Electron model in 2D
### Exercise 3: Nearly-free Electron model in 2D
_(based on exercise 15.4 of the book)_
_(based on exercise 15.4 of the book)_
Suppose we have a square lattice with lattice constant $a$, with a periodic potential given by $V(x,y)=2V_{10}(cos(2\pi x/a)+cos(2\pi y/a))+4V_{11}cos(2 \pi x/a)cos(2 \pi y/a)$.
Suppose we have a square lattice with lattice constant $a$, with a periodic potential given by $V(x,y)=2V_{10}(\cos(2\pi x/a)+\cos(2\pi y/a))+4V_{11}\cos(2 \pi x/a)\cos(2 \pi y/a)$.
1. Use the Nearly-free electron model to find the energy of state $\mathbf{q}=(\pi/a, 0)$.
1. Use the Nearly-free electron model to find the energy of state $\mathbf{q}=(\pi/a, 0)$.
??? hint
??? hint
This is analogous to the 1D case, as the interacting states are $(\pi/a,0)$ and $(-\pi/a,0)$; (\psi_{+}~e^{i\pi x /a} and \psi_{-}~e^{-i\pi x /a})$.
This is analogous to the 1D case: the states that interact have $k$-vectors $(\pi/a,0)$ and $(-\pi/a,0)$; (\psi_{+}\sim e^{i\pi x /a} and \psi_{-}\sim e^{-i\pi x /a})$.
2. Let's now study the more complicate case of state $\mathbf{q}=(\pi/a,\pi/a)$. How many $k$-points have the same energy? Which ones?
2. Let's now study the more complicate case of state $\mathbf{q}=(\pi/a,\pi/a)$. How many $k$-points have the same energy? Which ones?
3. Write down the nearly free electron model Hamiltonian near this point.
3. Write down the nearly free electron model Hamiltonian near this point.