- Obtain the spectrum of the LCAO model of several orbitals
## Looking back
So far we have:
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@@ -133,6 +141,16 @@ An occupied $\psi_-$ increases the molecule energy as the atoms move closer ⇒
Therefore if each atom has a single electron in the outermost shell, these atoms attract, if there are 0 or 2 electrons, the net electron force cancels (but electrostatic repulsion remains).
*[LCAO]: Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals
!!! summary "Learning goals"
After this lecture you will be able to:
- Explain the origins of interatomic forces
- Compute vibrational spectra of small molecules in 1D
- Write down Hamiltonians and equations of motion of bulk materials (but not yet solve them)
## Adding repulsion
If bringing two atoms closer would keep increasing energy, any covalent bond would collapse; eventually the two atoms must start repelling (at least when the nuclei get close, but really already much earlier).