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Commit 191d3f04 authored by Maciej Topyla's avatar Maciej Topyla
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...@@ -90,16 +90,17 @@ You might be already familiar with the concept of performing a number of various ...@@ -90,16 +90,17 @@ You might be already familiar with the concept of performing a number of various
!!! info "Scalar multiplication" !!! info "Scalar multiplication"
I can multiply a vector by a scalar number (either real or complex) to produce another vector, $$\vec{c} = \lambda \vec{a}.$$ I can multiply a vector by a scalar number (either real or complex) to produce another vector, $$\vec{c} = \lambda \vec{a}.$$
Addition and scalar multiplication of vectors are both *associative* and *distributive*, so the following relations hold Addition and scalar multiplication of vectors are both *associative* and *distributive*, so the following relations hold
$$1. \vspace{5pt} (\lambda \mu) \vec{a} = \lambda (\mu \vec{a}) = \mu (\lambda \vec{a})$$ $$1. \hspace{5pt} (\lambda \mu) \vec{a} = \lambda (\mu \vec{a}) = \mu (\lambda \vec{a})$$
$$2. \vspace{5pt} \lambda (\vec{a} + \vec{b}) = \lambda \vec{a} + \lambda \vec{b}$$ $$2. \hspace{5pt} \lambda (\vec{a} + \vec{b}) = \lambda \vec{a} + \lambda \vec{b}$$
$$3. \vspace{5pt} (\lambda + \mu)\vec{a} = \lambda \vec{a} +\mu \vec{a}$$ $$3. \hspace{5pt} (\lambda + \mu)\vec{a} = \lambda \vec{a} +\mu \vec{a}$$
### Vector products
!!! info "Vector product" In addition to multiplying a vector by a scalar, as mentioned above, one can also multiply two vectors among them.
In addition to multiplying a vector by a scalar, as mentioned above, one can also multiply two vectors among them. There are two types of vector productions, one where the end result is a scalar (so just a number) and the other where the end result is another vectors.
There are two types of vector productions, one where the end result is a scalar (so just a number) and the other where the end result is another vectors.
!!! info "The scalar production of vectors" !!! info "Scalar product of vectors"
The **scalar production of vectors is given by $$ \vec{a}\cdot \vec{b} = a_1b_1 + a_2b_2 + \ldots + a_nb_n \, .$$ The scalar product of vectors is given by $$ \vec{a}\cdot \vec{b} = a_1b_1 + a_2b_2 + \ldots + a_nb_n \, .$$
Note that since the scalar product is just a number, its value will not depend on the specific Note that since the scalar product is just a number, its value will not depend on the specific
basis in which we express the vectors: the scalar product is said to be *basis-independent*. The scalar product is also found via basis in which we express the vectors: the scalar product is said to be *basis-independent*. The scalar product is also found via
$$\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} = |\vec{a}||\vec{b}| \cos \theta$$ with $\theta$ the angle between the vectors. $$\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} = |\vec{a}||\vec{b}| \cos \theta$$ with $\theta$ the angle between the vectors.
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